Compare and Contrast Auden’s and Faulks Essay Example for Free

Compare and Contrast Auden’s and Faulks Essay Both Sebastian Faulks and W. H. Auden write about the tales of Jewish refugees living in the time of holocaust during WW2 in their two pieces, ‘The Last Night’ and ‘Refugee Blues’. By using literary techniques such as imagery and tone both writers, Auden and Gray create a sense of alienation for the characters portrayed in their writing. Both Auden and Gray create a sincere illusion of reality to promote the refugee’s alienation and suffering in both stories ultimately bringing the two gripping tales to life. Both Auden and Faulks use imagery as an extremely strong literary device to create alienation towards the refugees in their two stories. Immediately Auden introduces the reader to the impossible situation that the characters that they find themselves in. Auden manipulates social structure and the feeling of alienation towards the refugees with the use of natural imagery. Lines such as â€Å"saw a door opened and a cat let in† and â€Å"Thought I heard thunder rumbling in the sky; †¦ they must die†. These two lines not only show the manner in which the refugees have been regarded as completely inferior but also that they are willed to die, disregarding the concept of escape. In Faulk’s ‘The Last Night’, though not as frequently, also uses natural imagery to highlight the distressing solitude of the refugees and their impossible situation. â€Å"Though none of the scraps reached as far as the enclosure. † The word ‘enclosure’ emphasizes how the Jews had been cast aside as ‘social dirt’ as animals are normally associated as being hoarded into an enclosure by human beings. The two pieces ‘Refugee blues’ and ‘The Last Night’ differ significantly in the way that they are written. In Auden’s ‘Refugee Blues’ the story of the refugees is told through a poem with three lines in each stanza. Whereas in Gray’s ‘The Last night’ the structure follows more of a story and is written in the third person. Auden’s poem is written to the tune of blues music, which was very popular and fashionable at the time the poem was written. Say this city has ten million souls, some are living in mansions, some are living in holes. The rhythm created throughout provokes a melancholy atmosphere to be interpreted by the reader enticing compassion towards the refugees and further discriminating and separating the Jewish characters and their race from the rest of the world. Unlike Gray, Faulks writes the ‘The Last Night’ in the form of a historical fiction indicating the lack of a particular rhythm in which the story can be read. These contrasting rhythms though seem to create to same feeling of sadness and empathy towards the characters. Faulk’s choice of diction and literary techniques match with the rhythm and tone of ‘Refugee Blues’ and create a huge similarity between the way the two poems are written to create alienation towards the refugees. Auden and Faulks use foreshadowing both subtly and palpably early on in each text to show what will happen in the near future of the two stories. Faulks in particular manipulates this technique to show upcoming events. In the opening statement â€Å"Andre and his brother Jacob†¦ to a concentration camp† presented in bold for added effect, Faulks immediately introduces the reader to the ignorance and innocence of the children not being able to fully understand their predicament because they are both at such a young age. They do not realise the harsh reality that has befallen them and the rest of the Jews in Europe. As orphaned children they have already been split up from their parents and this can be interpreted as a model for other families who are situated with the two boys. That pain and sorrow will be felt and loneliness endured by all the children going to the concentration camp. Additionally, in the second paragraph of Faulk’s text he speaks of a woman handing out food and people having â€Å"food for the journey†. This can be deduced by the reader as another use of foreshadowing. It was believed that Adolf Hitler was of the Christian religion. This scene of people eating food before the tragic events that ensue are similar and almost mirror that of the last supper, the Christian fable that exists in the bible where Jesus was last before he was crucified and sent to his imminent death. It is seen as the ultimate betrayal in the bible when Judas sold out Jesus to the Romans for thirty silver coins. The connection between the two estranged events though shows that, just like Jesus, the ignorant children are completely unaware of the fact the food being handed out represents to the reader that the end is near as did the last supper for Jesus. This could be seen as the Faulk’s demonstration of Hitler’s somewhat extreme impiety displaying him as Judas even though Hitler was of Christian religion. In ‘Refugee Blues’ Auden writes in his first paragraph â€Å"Yet there’s no place for us, my dear, yet there’s no place for us. † Auden exploits the predicament of the refugees to demonstrate that they are completely alone and segregated from society and they are regarded as substandard population and presages what is to come for the Jews at the conclusion of the poem. With the use of Irony Auden ends the poem on the line â€Å"Looking for you and me, my dear, looking for you and me. † After so much suffering was brought to the refugees by being neglected by people who thought to be superior human beings, they were finally being sought after but only to taken to their inexplicably to their death, meaning that there is still no place for them in the society that they will no longer live in. In conclusion Both W.H. Auden and Sebastian Faulks tell the tragic tales of Jewish Refugees who find themselves in an impossible situation. Their attention to detail is impeccable allowing the reader to be engulfed in the story and empathise with the characters and live the story. Both manipulate certain ideas, themes and literary devices using similar and contrasting ideas to ultimately create a sense of great alienation towards the refugees in each tale.

Understanding Catullus’s Poems :: Biography Biographies Essays

Understanding Catullus’s Poems Many of Catullus’s poems expressed Catullus’s love for his beloved Lesbia.   In the first poem he is relishing her kisses and declaring the eternity of their love.   The three later poems show him sadder and he accurse Lesbia of unfaithfulness yet still confesses his love for her.   Catullus’s Poems are universal in time and are relevant to any time period.   The particular time period that I am focusing on is today’s time period and how his essays are relevant to the modern reader.   The two particular poems that I am going to be focusing on is number five and number seventy-two.   Both are very emotional and could be reflected on today’s society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In poem number five; Catullus is expressing his love for Lesbia.   He says that their love that they posses is internal and how he is so fond of her kisses.   After reading this poem you get the idea that they kiss very often and their kissing is the symbol of their love.   This is relevant to today’s society with young couples starting a relationship.   Once the relationship starts to become intimate, then they couple start to kiss more often and devote their love to one another.   Although in no place in the text does it say if they were in a relationship or even married, you could infer that they were very intimate with each other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second poem, number seventy-two, discussed some a very significant aspect that exists in today’s society, which is cheating.   Catullus accuses Lesbia of cheating in he couldn’t believe that she is doing this to him.   â€Å" ‘How,’ you may ask, ‘can this be?’ Such actions as yours excite increased violence of love.†Ã‚   He accuses her of putting the relationship in jeopardy and losing his love for her.   You can’t help but feel sorry for Catullus is this scenario.   He devotes his undying love to Lesbia and she cheats on him.   Unfortunately, this is rather popular in today’s society.   After time progresses in the relationship, intimacy start to decrease and the partners start to search for other sexual partners.   This is the case with Catullus and Lesbia and how Lesbia is cheating on him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The last poem is poem number seventy-five.   In this poem, Catullus recognizes the sins that Lesbia has committed but still says that he â€Å"can never cut this love.†Ã‚   Some individuals still love their partner after what they did.

The Big Green Arm Chair

The Big Green Armchair a) i. The mood of the setting ii. â€Å"Staring into the grim winter/ Only slate – grey skies† iii. The author uses adjectives like â€Å"grim† and â€Å"slate – grey† to describe the winter’s day, which conveys a very dull and dreary mood. The author compares the grim winter’s day and the dull mood to the old woman. This helps the reader understand how the woman is feeling. b) The author creates a dull mood by describing in detail what the old woman sees outside the window. Staring into the grim winter, she sees no flowering plants. There are no colours, only slate – grey skies and bare, brown trunks. There are no buzzing cicadas or cheeky kookaburras singing and darting between the trees. This shows the reader that the old woman misses this time of the year. The use of repetition â€Å"There are no colors/ There are no buzzing cicadas†¦ † The use of repetition â€Å"There are no colors/ Ther e are no buzzing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  emphasizes the dullness of mood.This descriptive style of writing makes the reader picture the dull and gray setting and the old woman looking out of the window. c) The author writes in third person and uses past tense half way through the text which creates a nostalgic feeling which the old woman is going through. The use of adjectives and descriptive sentences like â€Å"summer was bright and lively† and â€Å"ruby red gerberas burst through the green gardens and purple flowers blanketed the huge jacaranda tree†, adds to the nostalgia and creates imagery.The author makes the reader visualize the bright sun and the blooming flowers. The use of sensory descriptive words like â€Å"the smell of meat sizzling on the barbeque lingered in the air† and â€Å"eating mouthwatering prawns† makes the reader imagine the smell of the barbequed meat and the taste of the prawns. This shows that the old woman misses those days and that th ose days are now memories that make her happy and comfort her.

e-Business Essay example - 1536 Words

E-Business E-business is the largest emerging trend in business today. The movement into e-business is dramatically changing the way people buy and sell. Business is no longer a one for all concept, that concept is being replaced by a consumer economy that is driven by choice. These choices are not only in product and price but in shopping environment as well, where their transactions can take place face to face or in an online environment. Not only are traditional businesses completing their transactions with other businesses in such an online format, but such transactions are taking place between businesses and consumers as well as consumers to consumers. The following paper outlines some of the differences and similarities of each of†¦show more content†¦I have outlined some strengths and weaknesses of business to consumer e-business and the way it is affecting the relationship between the consumer and merchant using Amazon.com’s Virtual Retailing Model as an example. Virtual retailing involves the request for and closing of a transaction over the medium of the Internet, via a web page (http://www.cybersolve.com/retail.html). While the processing of the transaction, itself, is key to the existence of a virtual retailer, it is not the most important piece. The key to the success of a virtual retailer, according to Peter G. W. Keen, is the ability of that virtual retailer â€Å"to build strong customer relationships†. Amazon.com has by far been one of the most successful virtual retailers in building strong customer relationships. 70% of Amazon’s customers are repeat customers; this is no surprise when Amazon.com invests 20% of its revenue in attracting consumers and develops different techniques to â€Å"bond with the customers†, such as â€Å"My Amazon† (http://www.computerworld.com/home/print.nsf/all/990614AD62 ). Traditionally businesses had to locate themselves, plant themselves several times over inShow MoreRelatedBusiness-to-business and B2b E-marketplace814 Words   |  4 Pagesyou’re Big, You Can Be Your own B2B E-Marketplace. Question 1 :- Volkwagen operates its own proprietary B2B e-marketplace in which its suppliers participate. What are the disadvantages to Volkswagen of not using a generic B2B e-marketplace with even more suppliers? What are the advantages to Volkswagen of developing and using its own proprietary B2B e-marketplace? Answer :- The disadvantages to Volkswagen of not using a generic B2B e-marketplace with even more suppliersRead MoreCase Study : E Business Suite Essay2292 Words   |  10 Pages Content Introduction 2 E-Business Suite Architecture 3 Chronical Development of E-Business Suites 6 Integration needs it addressed as it was developed 6 Responding to new integration trends and technologies 7 Oracle’s E-Business integrated with SOA Gateway 8 Oracle’s E-Business Suite on the Cloud 9 Conclusion 10 References 10 Introduction Reading through the requirement of this paper there were several options to choose from. There are several companies that offer integrationRead MoreE-Commerce for My Business578 Words   |  2 Pages Based on my future reading from â€Å"The Relationship between E-Commerce Adoption and Organization Performance† , the finding is also quite similar with these journal by which it had stated that the click-and mortar firm should also applying e-commerce and determine the necessary areas that need to be re-engineered in the process to increase the firm’s performance. However, it had been recommended that future researcher should consider some factors in determining their research by which Mutia SobihahRead MoreMarketing and E-business1592 Words   |  7 PagesE-Business E-business is the largest emerging trend in business today. The movement into e-business is dramatically changing the way people buy and sell. Business is no longer a one for all concept, that concept is being replaced by a consumer economy that is driven by choice. These choices are not only in product and price but in shopping environment as well, where their transactions can take place face to face or in an online environment. Not only are traditional businesses completing theirRead MoreThe Success Of E Business1434 Words   |  6 Pagesremains a strong belief that e-business – with its resurgent potential for creating new transactional opportunities between firms, suppliers, complementary product/service providers and customers – will ultimately contribute significantly to the future performance of many established firms. A number of impressive examples come to mind: Tesco in the UK, Otto Versand in Germany, and Dell Computers and Cisco Systems in the US.1 For orga nizations such as these, e-business is more than a tool but partRead MoreBusiness Skills for E-Commerce6864 Words   |  28 PagesBusiness Skills for E-Commerce Group Assignment Executive summary The documentation is about the process of implementing an e-commerce solution for the Dinapala Group of company. As the first step of completion, a preliminary investigation has done about the selected organization in order to have a proper idea about the problem scope and the background. After identifying the circumstantial, organization’s core business functions have assesses under the outcome criteria of understandingRead MoreE Commerce Within A Business2134 Words   |  9 PagesE-Commerce within a Business E-commerce within a business refers to the commercial transactions of products or services which occur electronically over the internet, by implementing e-commerce into a business such as ‘iGadget’ will provide both advantages and disadvantages, however the majority of the disadvantages can be fixed over time and the progression of the ‘iGadget’ itself. Advantages †¢ 24/7 opening 24/7 opening is a strong advantage for a business as it allows for the sales of productsRead MoreEssay E-Business1680 Words   |  7 PagesE-Business 1- Abstract 2- About E-Business 3- Advantages and Disadvantages 4- The impact if e-business on a typical business 5- What a company must do to transform its strategy when it decides to transform into e-business 6- Conclusion 7- References Abstract There is a misconception that e-Business simply means buying and selling products and services over the Internet. The broader view of e-Business focuses on the key processes that directly enhance revenue Ââ€" namely, customer acquisitionRead MoreBusiness And Consumer E Commerce873 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Business to Consumer e-Commerce? Business to Consumer e-Commerce, also referred to as B2C, is the process of selling goods and services over the Internet rather than having a traditional brick and mortar outlet to sell such products. Businesses establish a website or electronic marketplace with multimedia catalogs, interactive order processing, protected electronic payment systems, while also offering online customer support which allow consumers to shop and purchase items in confidenceRead MoreE Commerce : Business Analysis1820 Words   |  8 Pagesbranches in 50 cities has consult Yana consulting for suggestions relating online business. This report is created for Board of Directors of TARDIS Travel containing detailed information about the way to regain the company s market share by conducting business online and remain to be competitive in to future. This report includes details about different type of E-commerce, information related to in-house and outsourcing business strategies that would be helpful in this competitive environment of travel

Essay about Japanese Colonialism and Modernization in Korea

Japanese Colonialism and Modernization in Korea There have been many accounts that attempt to identify why Japan entered Korea with such force and why it subjected its people to some of the horrific treatment that they were given. Most schools of thought concentrate on the fact that Japan needed an empire to stand any chance of competing with Britain, and later America, on the world stage. Britain’s insertion into China was a reality check for Japan who saw how close Britain’s empire was to their homeland. In addition Japans army would almost certainly wane under the pressure from Britain if it came down to it. Therefore it was essential for Japan to build an empire, if not for conventional reasons†¦show more content†¦However to sustain control Japan needed more resources and these were perceived to be in Korea. By this point Korea had begun modernisation. It was well on its way to modernizing and it had imported vast amounts of machinery from China and Russia to help with its agricultural boom. Industries were also growing fast as mining became a more common sight around the outskirts of Seoul. Consequently the Korean army begun to find its feet and its size doubled over the second half of the nineteenth century. This was a threat to Japan but even more so was the belief in Korea that they had established themselves as the Far East’s strongest economy. Moreover they also considered themselves to have a stronger army than Japans. All this was the direct result of modernisation where its power evolved. Unemployment in Korea had fallen and in comparison to Japans internal issues and population issues, Korea was settled and content. After 1868 Meiji rulers began to modernise in Japan who felt that any modernisation in Korea had to be overshadowed by Japan. By 1894 the Japanese had built up an empire and it was not a victim to colonial Imperial powers. In effect Japan was using the western powers as its benchmark for the future. Although a key reason for invading Korea was its threat of modernizationShow MoreRelatedJapanese Imperialism During The Japanese War1358 Words   |  6 Pagesagronomic nation to rapid modernization, they were using Western countries as models to industrialize and develop their economy and society. They were not only to better themselves; learning from the West came the goal of wanting to be their equal. Japan tried to shape into countries like France and Britain to prove that they deserve to be a world power, thus starting Japanese imperialism. After the Sino-Japanese war, both Korea and Taiwan were annexed to Japan, where the Japanese used militant colonialRead MoreKorea And Japan s Current Relationship2791 Words   |  12 PagesDespite Korea and Japan’s current relationship that is cordial to a certain degree, the effect of the brutal regime Japan established on Korea is yet a contentious issue. Bruce Cumings, an American historian of East Asia claims, â€Å"Koreans ne ver saw the Japanese rule as anything but illegitimate and humiliating,† and this commonly held belief exists for a reason. During the Japanese occupation, thousands of comfort women, students, and civilians were tormented and tortured by the Japanese; howeverRead MoreEssay on China, India, and Japan Responds to Western Imperialism2293 Words   |  10 Pagestreatment under British law, but Indian mistrust and racist attitudes of the British had already become a legacy of Western Imperialism and the Sepoy Mutiny. Conflicts over the control of India continued to develop; demands for westernization, modernization and greater roles in self-governing began to surface. The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885, the Muslim League in 1906, and acts of terrorism occurred over the partition of Bengal. China’s response to early Western Imperialism wasRead More Japan vs. China Essay2382 Words   |  10 Pagesfor many things. However, with the coming of the colonial powers from Europe and North America, China’s regional power was all but destroyed (4). During that time period, Japan began a process of rapid industrialization and modernization in order to counteract western colonialism and prevent the Western powers from taking over Japan like they did with China (5). Since then, Japan has been a competitor with China for regional dominance and hegemony. From a historical perspective, both China andRead MoreJapan s National Security Strategy2198 Words   |  9 Pagesjets, and firearms with comparable quality to the US. Since the end of World War II, Japan has had a strictly defensive military strategy so as to minimize global fear of a reoccurring and violent Japanese expansion. Now, with the rapid growth of ISIS, Chinese power, and long range missiles in North Korea, Prime Minister Abe is pushing for more involvement in regional military operations. Japan’s Ground Self-Defense Force (GSDF) opened a new radar installation on Yonaguni Island, near the Senkaku/DiaoyuRead MoreThe Protest Of Hong Kong1630 Words   |  7 Pagesactivities, dominated by shipping and banking, with gradually increasing diversification to shipbuilding and maintenance linked to the presence of the British naval and merchant shipping. Heavily disrupted by the following not only the civil war and Sino-Japanese War in China but also the Great Depression , Hong Kong s economy had experienced a period of downward spiral. During this wave of social and political unrest, Chinese people, reside both in and out of Hong Kong, emerged in sympathy with the HongRead MoreHis171 Part 7, E3 Eznotes5586 Words   |  23 Pagesforeign influences. d. becoming a world-class industrial power.* e. using propaganda to make Japanese people hostile to Westerners. 31. The Meiji rulers sought to strengthen Japan by a. attacking the United States naval bases in Korea. b. embracing foreign ideas, institutions, and techniques.* c. defeating Russia in the Russo-Japanese War. d. rejecting all foreign ideas and restoring traditional Japanese customs. e. increasing family values. 32. The Meiji transformed the government and incorporated Read MoreCold War Containment Or Hegemony Essay2690 Words   |  11 PagesEurope under the Marshall Plan, from 1948 to 1952 many European economies grew at an unprecedented rate. The mutual assistance of the aid led to softening of national competition between many countries in Europe, and served the dual purposes of modernization and cooperation for European countries. At the same time as the Marshal plan was being implemented, the Soviet Union enacted what was know as the, â€Å"Cominform† that sought to counter the American influence in post war Europe. This program organizedRead MoreEffects of British Colonial Rule in India4318 Words   |  18 PagesBesides highlighting the fact that without cheap labor and raw materials from India, the modernization of Britain during this era would have been highly unlikely, I will show how colonial policy led to the privation and death of millions of natives. I conclude that wh ile India undoubtedly benefited from British colonial rule, the negatives for the subject population far outweighed the positives. . Colonialism, by definition, is exploitative and oppressive, with the rulers enriching themselves atRead MoreThe Rise of China and Future of the West17670 Words   |  71 Pagesend with the grand ascendance of China and the onset of an Asian-centered world order. THE FUTURE OF CHINA AND NORTH ASIA MAINLAND CHINA, HONG KONG, TAIWAN, JAPAN, SOUTH AND NORTH KOREA. FROM HERE TO 2030 SUMMARY: Revision 2005 The global population of the North East Asia (China, Taiwan, Japan and the two Koreas ) attains 1,524 million in 2004. It would stabilize and reach about 1,542 million in 2030. The global GNI accounts for $7,565 Billion in 2004. We can expect about $28,000 Billion in

Financial Gaps in Mexico and The Pearl by John Steinbeck

Out of the total population in Mexico, twenty million are considered to live in extreme poverty. (DePalma, nytimes.com) In The Pearl by John Steinbeck, (which takes place in Baja California, Mexico) the main character and his wife live in very poor conditions; however, just a few miles away from their village, lives a rich town. This presents a major gap in the quality of life between these classes. The answers to the questions discussed in this paper (i.e., â€Å"To what extent is this financial gap in Mexico?† â€Å"Why does this gap exist?† and â€Å"What could we have done to prevent this gap?†) provide a basis of understanding of this topic. Although The Pearl was written in 1945, this paper will be focusing on these issues in present-day Mexico.†¦show more content†¦This paper has shown that there is, indeed, a gap in Mexico that needs to be closed. But the reader might wonder, How did this gap come to exist in the first place? There are multiple a nswers to this, but only the three major possible causes will be explored. The first cause deals with the conditions of the poor citizens. It has been shown that the levels of education, skill, intelligence, health, and race all provide factors for poverty; there is simply not enough access to education, and too few job opportunities. The second possible cause of this has to do with location. Poor areas develop due to a lack of communication and transportation in rural areas. Because of this, the government has no way to provide food and water, health care, or education. People that live there are virtually isolated from the rest of society. The third, and most plausible cause, is the economy and government of Mexico. Institutions interested in decreasing poverty do not have to the chance to do this, because the government fails to carry out sufficient policies to encourage positive development. (The Causes of Poverty in Mexico, Eslbee.com) All three of these causesShow MoreRelatedT he New York World s Fair Corporation1756 Words   |  8 PagesAmerican author, John Steinbeck, explores in two of his novellas. The first, Of Mice and Men, follows the lovable characters George and Lennie and their struggles during the Great Depression. The second, The Pearl, follows two natives of Mexico, Kino and Juana. Three of the four characters just named, do not fit the molds of their societies. Because of this, they are treated differently and are often marginalized. Steinbeck is criticizing this and he is emphasizing how unfair social gaps in societiesRead MoreAmerican Revolution and Study Guide Essay example5377 Words   |  22 Pagesâ€Å"The Planting of English America† 1. Discuss English treatment of the Irish and its consequence (10pts) 2. What lessons do you think English colonists learned from their early Jamestown experience? Focus on matters of fulfilling expectations, financial support, leadership skills, and relations with the Indians. What specific developments illustrate that the English living in the plantation colonies tried to apply these lessons? (25 pts) 2. Compare and contrast the ways in which tobacco and

Disruption of High School Education by Arrest and Court Involvement Free Essays

Gary Sweeten utilized the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to research an understudied element of high school drop out rates, using the factors of criminal involvement, specifically first-time arrests and involvement in the court system. He then examined the outcome of their completion of high school after these events. In the article â€Å"Who will graduate? Disruption of high school education by arrest and court involvement†, theoretical approaches are tied into more statistical data to encompass a more comprehensive view of the issues surrounding juvenile arrests and court involvement on future school success. We will write a custom essay sample on Disruption of High School Education by Arrest and Court Involvement or any similar topic only for you Order Now This study is extremely useful, in that the populations studied were more broad, as studies before have honed in on specific subsets of school populations. 8,984 youths were qualified for this study and assessments were conducted in the selected group. Several follow-up study waves were then conducted after initial selection, the first being obtaining background information, then over a period of three years, self-reports by the cohorts and their court involvement was assessed followed by drop-out statistics on this group. 4,432, who reported dropping out of high school were then analyzed. Theories that came into play to assist in the process of assembling data were labeling theory, deterrence theory, and propensity theory. Propensity theory was dismissed in that it gauged no correlative and valid results. Labeling theory and deterrence theory pose results that range on the opposite ends of the spectrum with deterrence theory proposing success in stopping future criminal activity, but gives no regard to educational and vocational achievement in the long-run. Therefore, labeling theory emerged as the most crucial with the idea presented that students, who feel stigmatized, will struggle with that stigma and with interruptions of schooling due to the criminal process and will face overwhelming odds to complete high school. Sampson and Laub’s life-course theory of cumulative disadvantage is also introduced, as is 39 other references and 5 tables to show the extent of analysis and the found effects in this article. Sampson and Laub’s theory furthers the labeling theory that is used throughout the paper and suggests that labeling is especially detrimental to already disadvantaged youth. In other words, if one already carries a label of poor or any minority status, the label of â€Å"criminal† will accelerate negative internal attributions of self-worth. Sweeten uses both traditional labeling theory and Sampson and Laub’s assessments not only to compliment his findings in the paper, but to also suggest irregularities with particular points that do not correlate. This leads Sweeten to realize that with both the limited amount of studies already completed on this particular subject without a broad base of research subjects, as he uses, and the lack of consensus among different theorists, that more research need be done on this topic. He realizes that looking at mediating factors and certain types of intervention may lead to studies that have a conclusive and usable strategy in its findings that will ameliorate the issues that he concludes in this study. How to cite Disruption of High School Education by Arrest and Court Involvement, Papers